The First Page

Task [4] how the connections among individuals and traffic are requested. In this task I will attempt to look into two perspectives on how the connection among individuals and traffic is requested. The connection among individuals and traffic is then analyzed in part 7 of making public activities. We will compose a custom paper test on The Social Sciences or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now I will look at and differentiating the distinctions and similitudes between street traffic engineers Colin Buchanan; and Hans Monderman. Colin Buchanan was dispatched by the UK government in 1961 to begin take a shot at the report! Traffic in towns for the Ministry of transport [chapter 7 p. 27] the report was meant to deliver another structure for urban space so as to design the productive appropriation and access of an enormous quantities of vehicles† to countless structures. Accomplishing a good standard in our condition for life in towns. [Chapter 7 P. 327] Buchanan had dreams of more towns to be composed to the progression of traffic and more streets to be manufactured. The Department of Transport reports between the Second World War and 1969 the Numbers of vehicles on the streets quadrupled: this implied not just required more streets should have been assembled yet additionally another path for towns to live with vehicles. Part 7 p. 326 Silva 2009 Cited Ministry of transp ort 1963]. The eventual fate of stifling street clog was dreaded except if the fast ascent sought after for vehicle travel was coordinated by an expanded flexibly of streets. Buchanan’s idea was based on the unequivocal guideline of isolation, perusing from section 7 Ordering public activity the instance of street traffic making public activities: once in a while the severe partition of vehicles and individuals: vehicles were managed their own liberally proportioned system and people on foot were securely concealed in private squares frequently ending enquired circular drives. Silva, Cited Buchanan 2009 p. 329 section 7] the entire subject of traffic in towns†¦ Is fit for being put on a judicious and quantitative premise. Mystery and instinct can be generally dispensed with: given the vital data, numerous perspectives or decisively chargeable: and there is extension for procedures which will incredibly facilitate the weight of choice between elective strategies. Presentl y let’s look at another street traffic architect and contrast this with the Buchannan report. Hans Monderman a street traffic engineer from the Netherlands had various thoughts on the most proficient method to sort out traffic and individuals. Mondermans hypothesis was the expulsion of all traffic hindrances street signs: traffic lights: and utilize the spaces left for people to impart the space to drivers. In proof in 1989 the councilors of Drachten casted a ballot to expel each and every traffic light and annul street signs and cautioning signs. [P. 334 Silva 2009 section 7] his idea was that when all traffic deterrents were expelled, the space left was to be shared by drivers and people on foot. His hypothesis was to limit the streets and furthermore put highlights close by them. He planted trees and blossoms and furthermore Fountains, this was to debilitate drivers from speeding the brain research of it was that they would back off while driving past these highlights. Drachten is the town of 43,000 individuals in the Netherlands Monderman shared space approach was known as the Drachten analyze. [Silva2009, refered to councilor Koop kerkestra p. 334]. The head of traffic strategy at the town lobby of Drachten, â€Å"the lights were causing issues; individuals were for ever holding on to get across intersections. We additionally had in excess of 140 setbacks per year. It was hard to tell what to do, and we positively didn’t need to boycott vehicles as we cherished vehicles here in Drachten. Luckily I met traffic engineer who had an unpredictable arrangement. [P. 334 section 7 Silva, 2009] refered to Monderman]. On the off chance that you treat drivers like zombies they will act like zombies: clarifies Monderman at the end of the day, drivers or educated to aimlessly adhere to guidelines, they quit having an independent perspective, and mishaps follow. The above are a couple of briefs on traffic engineers Hans Monderman and Colin Buchannan who were both entrusted with troublesome assignments and both had totally various perspectives on the best way to deal with the traffic stream, despite the fact that Buchannan was a lot sooner than Monderman in years, both had very progressive thoughts of their occasions. Attempting to compere the likenesses among Monderman and Buchanan isn't a simple assignment to embrace, right off the bat they were both street traffic engineers which are significant I speculation, and they were both dispatched by governments despite the fact that Mondermans commission was through nearby government. They were both charged to make the utilization of better space and an approach to facilitate the progression of traffic in towns. The two of them took a gander at traffic and people and how each assumed a job in making a plan for traffic to move all the more without any problem. This was additionally because of the closeness in measurements of regularly expanding vehicle proprietors on the streets, and I guess motivation to forestall mishaps later on. What are the distinctions in both these engineers’ â€Å"ideas† plans and ideas of how to oversee street traffic among people and vehicles? Right off the bat Buchanan isolated people from street traffic and fabricated towns on the edges of motorways. Towns were manufactured, for example, Milton Keynes and numerous different spots with ceaseless circular drives and lodging domains which were difficult to get the chance to utilizing the sign posts as everything appeared to be identical. This disconnected the towns from the roomy street systems, bringing about later years perpetually traffic lights: quieting zones and such like. Anyway Monderman needed to share this space deserted after the expulsion of traffic lights and all street signs with pedestrian’s †cyclists† and vehicle drivers. Contentions. Buchanan put together is street chain of importance with respect to isolating individuals in towns from traffic? Did this mean essential streets and road streets were put before motorways? Which boulevards and streets were best positioned to disseminate the traffic stream, do Buchanan’s designs despite everything work in today’s present day society, and it appears to be perpetually expanding traffic! We need always cutting edge thinking and new methodologies. Buchanan based his street streams from towns: accordingly the utilization of the space with isolation from individuals implies numerous town streets and road streets were cut off from the motorways. Was there enough space left for what we see today in any semblance of transport paths, cycle paths, did Buchanan anticipate this. In the event that he did clearly the streets he arranged and, at that point hence manufactured would be significantly more extensive. Today we are left with restricted measure of room! On the off chance that you drive down a typical high Street in any town today: you will see that traffic is exceptionally packed and blocked, there will be a restricted measure of room for vehicles and vans taxis and so forth. You will see that within paths are utilized explicitly for open vehicle transports. I would unquestionably contend that the Buchanan report had numerous defects utilizing narrative proof put before me. I state narrative as I have no proof to take a gander at as I need to utilize what is before me for this task. Presently let me go to Hans Monderman and his vision of the mutual space approach. This is intriguing as he depends entirely on association of the individual or people driving vehicles, with walkers: or cyclists. Since all the obstructions of traffic lights and even street kerbs have been evacuated, this leads all members recognizing one another and prejudge one another’s next development. This thought appears as though what you see on the TV, in spots, for example, India Pakistan and Asia, which all traffic is moving quick around town focus intersections, which appears to be very disorderly to one’s first sense. They all in truth appear in a shocking rush and one has no information to depend on? About what number of mishaps or accidents they might be in places this way. I don’t very know whether this is equivalent to Hans’s Mondermans shared space hypothesis, yet that’s all I’ve got the opportunity to go on in my contention. What was it Monderman said concerning the utilization of traffic lights around focuses, with drivers complying with the guidelines given by a lot of lights, on the off chance that you treat individuals like zombies they will act like zombies [ Silva2009, refered to Monderman p. 34] in that this thought is like the conduct social researcher Foucault. Who when contemplating individuals and their practices: he composed? Individuals come to consider themselves to be occupied with â€Å"normal† perspectives and acting through socialization forms in the family, schools, working environment or open space. Thus, they can balance themselves with the â€Å"deviant† or unusual ‘people who need restraint or self-control [and in this manner act badly]. [P. 321, 2009]. This is exceptionally intriguing as he is suspecting equivalent to Monderman in the utilization of individuals and their control. End. Both Buchannan and Monderman were cutting edge scholars of designing and arranging street traffic, both had relative accomplishment in their errands and both utilized individuals and isolation from vehicles. Monderman with! Buchannan without! The two thoughts are extremely fascinating, despite the fact that I think Buchannan’s is out-dated at this point: however he assumed a significant job in United Kingdom’s traffic designing. Hans Mondermans thought is truly intriguing however and I wonder â€Å"greatly† on the off chance that it is working and what number of different countries will take up this thought. References. Silva. Elizabeth, [2009] Making public activities. Joined Kingdom the Open University. Milton Keynes. Silva. Elizabeth, [2009] making social request, 7 3[1] pp. 326-328,United Kingdom the Open University. Milton Keynes Silva, Elizabeth, [2009] Making social request, Silva refered to Buchanan p. 326 7, United Kingdom the Open University. Milton Keynes Silva, Elizabeth, [2009] making social request 7 Silva refered to Koop Kerkestra-Monderman p. 334 Making social request. Joined realm the Open University Milton Keynes. The Open University refered to Foucault, [2009] pp-319-322. 7, 2.

Create a 30, 60, or 90-day plan for your job search.

Make a 30, 60, or 90-day plan for your pursuit of employment. The normal quest for new employment can take somewhere in the range of about a month and a half to a half year, contingent upon factors like your industry, your experience, and the economy. That’s a great deal of uncertainty and if you’re feeling a period crunch, it’s not a supportive measurement. On the off chance that you’re trying to put the pursuit of employment timetable on your own terms, there are things you can do to expand the time you do have. Let’s take a gander at three diverse pursuit of employment intends to benefit as much as possible from your significant time. The 90-Day PlanLet’s state you’ve allowed yourself three months to get another line of work. It can an entirely extensive timetable, permitting you to take as much time as is needed on the entirety of the important components. You can utilize a portion of that time toward the begin to make sense of what you need to do.Ask yourself:Are you searching for a similar sort of occupation you had/have now?Are you thinking about a profession change?What might you want to do next?A less dire timetable aides here, and offers you the chance to truly consider what your subsequent stages are.Your SearchWith 90 days, you have the opportunity to do a more profound jump. Interpretation: you’re not simply blitzing each related employment opportunity you can discover with your resume. You have the opportunity to look into potential objective organizations and adjust your application materials (continue, introductory letter) appropriately. Presently is likewise an opportunity to begin truly taking a gander at your system to check whether there are the sorts of focused openings for work you can seek after throughout the following 90 days.Your SkillsWith 90 days, you don’t have constantly on the planet to figure out how to accomplish something without any preparation, however you do have the opportunity to help aptitudes, or take a boost. The norma l online course is eight to nine weeks, so this gives you an opportunity to chip away at some next-level aptitudes particularly if the class is self-paced.Your ResumeTake an opportunity to redesign your resume. Truly, do it. You’ve got a couple of months in your arrangement, and on the off chance that you truly need to benefit from it (and expand your meeting stage potential), your resume must be right on target. Start without any preparation no shortcuts!Your NetworkIt’s about quality, not amount. On the off chance that you haven’t as of now, begin contacting focused on individuals who might be only outside of your system, companions of companions, or somebody you met once and added to LinkedIn, yet who now simply happens to work at the organization where you need a â€Å"in.† Because so much recruiting is done dependent on who you know and not generally what you apply for, however much time as could reasonably be expected in your 90-day plan ought to be committed to reinforcing your system. Recruiting master Lou Adler suggests investing 60% of your energy organizing on the off chance that you need to score a new position inside 90 days.Your Interview PrepBuild in a little meeting readiness consistently. This could simply be five minutes as you’re preparing in the first part of the day, or a couple of calm minutes before you hit your cushion around evening time. Things to take a shot at meanwhile, with the goal that they fall into place easily when the time comes:Your handshake. Hold is key here (think sure, yet not arm grappler), so it can take practice to get the correct blend of solidarity and moderation.Your non-verbal communication. Things like eye to eye connection and stance can be your best resources in making a decent starting meeting impression.Your outfit. You have the opportunity to consider what your go-to meet outfit(s) will be, and afterward ensure they’re cleaned, squeezed, and all set when you get tha t â€Å"hey, come meet us and discussion about the job† email.Your ideas. Take your resume and concoct genuine models for every visual cue. Work on discussing them, in a perfect world with a confided in companion or relative, so you get happy with discussing yourself and your achievements.By investing additional energy into the pre-work and creating a solid base for your pursuit of employment (genuine thought of employment opportunities and organizations, a reconstructed resume, time spent structure abilities and individual propensities that will profit you later on), you’re benefiting as much as possible from those 90 days.The 60-Day PlanIf you have around two months before you’d like to see yourself settled in another gig, you’ve still got support time to do some quality structure with regards to your application package.Your SearchLike with the 90-day plan, you have the opportunity to concentrate on specific territories or organizations and do your exp loration. But since 60 days will spend rapidly, it’s time to build the force. Your pursuit of employment ought to be profoundly engaged, with you searching for the best-fitting open doors that line up with your objectives. On the off chance that you’re uncertain about what you need to do straightaway or what employment opportunities you need to go for, set aside the effort to consider your objectives for this pursuit of employment (past â€Å"get a job†) and your quick expert objectives. It requires some investment in advance, yet will spare you time later on in the 60 days.Your SkillsSixty days can be sufficient opportunity to catch up on abilities on your resume that could be more grounded, or to return to old aptitudes that you need to highlight for a specific activity. Self-managed online courses can assist you with getting the brief training you need, or even only a self-study program where you’re seriously exploring things web based, finding out abo ut new patterns, and so on. What's more, let’s face it-there’s a YouTube video for everything nowadays, so there’s no disgrace in utilizing those for your ability building! The most significant thing here is, once more, clarity of mind. It’s not so much sufficient opportunity to state, â€Å"hmm, perhaps I should begin to learn HTML.† It’s progressively like, â€Å"Okay, I have these fundamental HTML aptitudes. What do I have to knock them up on my resume?†Your ResumeWith 60 days on the table, it’s still justified, despite all the trouble to remake your resume starting from the earliest stage it doesn’t must be a long endeavor, only an engaged one. You’ll additionally need to set aside the effort to take another altering pass and advance your resume, which can assist you with getting progressively out of applications.Your NetworkCultivating individuals in your system by having email discussions or in any event, ha ving an espresso IRL is extraordinary, yet there’s no swap for human contact. In any case, with 60 days to meet your objective of finding another line of work, there probably won't be that extravagance. That’s why systems administration devices become so helpful in this two-month window. LinkedIn is a decent beginning stage to begin centering your systems administration endeavors. Are there individuals who work at your objective organizations? An old companion who you know happens to be hitched to somebody in your field who may be employing? It’s time to tackle the intensity of what you’ve as of now got.That’s not to state you should disregard beginning new connections, yet on your increasingly forceful course of events it’s generally critical to augment what you have.Your Interview PrepLike the 90-Day plan, you have some an opportunity to prepare. Practice your non-verbal communication abilities particularly, and practice your ideas. Furthe rmore, the prior in the two-month window you have that meeting suit laundered and prepared to shake, the better.The 30-Day PlanIf your arrangement is a 30-the very first moment out of the blue (like monetary direness, or you need out now of an awful gig), at that point that’s an overwhelming objective, however a do-capable one. There just isn’t much squirm room or time for passing things over. On the off chance that you’re genuine about finding another line of work in a month, at that point that implies your spotlight must be at work hunt.Your SearchIt’s opportunity to arrive up with a bad-to-the-bone quest for new employment time financial plan. With such a forcefully short window of time, you truly don’t have the advantage of saying, â€Å"Oh, perhaps I’ll do that this week.† Instead, record your rundown of pursuit of employment objectives for the week and join explicit days/times to them. For example:Monday: Check spared pursuits o f employment, look into employment opportunities at ABC Company.Tuesday: Call Karen about potential referral for ABC Company.Wednesday: Follow up with HR at XYZ Company about application.Whatever time you have accessible, make sense of how you can set a period spending plan and stick to it. The closer you adhere to that arrangement, the more outlandish you’ll be to tumble off calendar, and find that 20 days have passed by before you hit your initial agenda objectives. Make sense of where you can dedicate lumps of time (in a perfect world every day) to confirm things on your list.Your SkillsAt this point, you have to go with the abilities you have, or ones that you can learn rapidly by inquiring about on the web or playing with programs (like at last figuring out how to do a vlookup, or returning to how to utilize Adobe Photoshop). Concentrate on the center abilities you need to highlight most noticeably on your resume and in interviews.Your ResumeIt’s unquestionably ti me to take care of business, which implies you don’t truly have seven days to compose, alter, and look for criticism on your resume. So let’s shorten that a piece. Start with a portion of the incredible devices that are as of now accessible, similar to continue layouts you can use as a beginning point.But-and I can’t underline this enough-never avoid the editing step. In the event that you have zero time, give it the most exhaustive check you can. Furthermore, if it’s at all conceivable, have another person understood it. They may see botches that passed directly under your hustling eyes. Basic errors can place your resume in the â€Å"no thanks† heap rapidly, so even with a short timetable, you have to set aside the effort for those extra steps.Your NetworkWhoever you have on your side now, that’s the crew you’re taking into fight. Concentrate on the individuals you definitely realize who can assist you with your pursuit of employmen t. Use LinkedIn, Facebook, or any expert gets in touch with you have, and don’t be modest about letting individuals that you’re keeping watch for a new position. Despite the fact that that accompanies an admonition: if your pursuit is on the DL since you don’t need your present manager to discover, you’ll still need to be somewhat tactful. No booming Facebook posts saying, â€Å"I’m looking fo

Elephant Writing Paper - Writing Tips For Beginners

Elephant Writing Paper - Writing Tips For BeginnersThere is no longer a need to worry when it comes to a well written elephant writing paper. The fact is that there are now many options available for you to choose from, and they are very much available in the market. However, for people who want to excel at writing and need to know the ins and outs of this article, it is better to avail of some professional help.For those who want to learn how to write an elephant, the best way to do it is by making use of professional help. These people will guide you on the ways on how to become a successful writer in a short period of time. And, with the aid of the appropriate tools and resources, you can write an elephant in less than three hours. This is because you will be able to learn how to write an elephant through professional help.The first thing that you should remember is that you should make an outline. This is something that can guide you in writing your elephant writing paper. The ou tline is used to give focus to the different parts of the paper. Moreover, it helps you to create a framework for your essay. Through the outline, you will be able to see all the different topics that you need to cover in your elephant writing paper.Your outline should also have four parts. The first part is what you will call the body of the paper. Here, you will have to bring attention to the different points that you want to cover in your essay. The second part will include information that you need to explain and also to present your point of view clearly.Next is the introduction, which is something that will be included in the body. You can then continue with the body, which will consist of three to five paragraphs. It is advisable that you include a summary in this part. The third part of the outline will include the conclusion. This is important since it will serve as the conclusion of your essay.At this point, you should also make a good point. In order to make your point as convincing as possible, you should always use the best tools available to you. The best tool is the elephant writing paper.You should also make sure that you have identified all the things that you want to cover in your essay. This can be done by using the elements in your outline. This is because when you get the things in order, the task of writing an elephant writing paper becomes much easier.Finally, you should know that having a good outline is also one of the factors that will help you in your writing. An outline can help you organize the things that you need to cover in your paper. Also, it can make it easier for you to follow the steps that are needed to learn how to write an elephant.

Things That Go Bump In the Night Why They Are Scary

Werewolves are creatures that we find in many different cultures around the world. The most classically known origin story for the beasts comes from Ovid’s Metamorphoses. In it’s first book, Jupiter goes to Earth to observe humans after hearing of their evil nature. He reveals himself to the Arcadians who immediately start worshipping, all except their king, Lycaon. He does not believe the god’s immortality and seeks to put it to the test. Lycaon kills a messenger from another city and cooks him with the intent to force cannibalism on the god. Jupiter immediately sees through this attempt at trickery and casts a curse upon Lycaon, dooming him to change into the form of a wolf. The Metamorphoses details the characteristics of Lycaon’s transformation from human to wolf, His arms descend, his shoulders sink away, To multiply his legs for chase of prey. He grows a wolf, his hoariness remains, And the same rage in other members reigns. His eyes still sparkle in a narrwer space: His jaws retain the grin, and violence of his face† (Ovid). This story gives us the origin of the lycanthrope, lykos, similar to Lycaon, meaning wolf and andthrÃ… pos meaning man. Later in the Metamorphoses, there are accounts of men that roam the woods in the form of wolves. The theme of lycanthropy as punishment for cannibalism is also present in the Native American culture, where they are known as Windigos. These creatures originally were human but due to cannibalism, they become an ice monster, withShow MoreRelatedFacing Fears of Spiders776 Words   |  4 PagesLisa Learning Experience Paper Psychology 103 Facing fear can be very scary, it is a basic survival mechanism occurring in response to a specific stimulus, such as pain or the threat of danger. Fear is an emotional response to a perceived threat. 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Essay about Buddhism - 1176 Words

Buddhism Buddhism is the great oriental religion founded by Guatama Buddha, who lived and taught in India in the sixth century BC All Buddhists trace their faith to Buddha and revere his person (Frederic 15). Nearly all types of Buddhism include monastic orders whose members serve as teachers and clergy to the lay community (Maraldo 19). However, beyond these common features the numerous sects of modern Buddhism exhibit great variety in their beliefs and practices. In its oldest surviving form, known as Theravada or Hinayana. Buddhism is primarily a spiritual philosophy and system of ethics (Frederic 16). It places little or no emphasis on deities, teaching that the goal of the faithful is to achieve nirvana, a blissful state of†¦show more content†¦Buddhism flourished in India until about AD 500. It began to decline gradually becoming absorbed in Hinduism until b y the eleventh century it had almost disappeared (Frederic 30). Meanwhile, it had spread and become influential in other lands of Central and East Asia, where it continues to maintain vitality. Today, Buddhism survives in two major forms. The early Theravada form is practiced in Sri Lanka (Ceylon) and in the Southeast Asian countries of Burma, Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia (Frederic 40). The later Mahayana form prevails in China, including Tibet, Vietnam, Japan, Korea, and Mongolia (Frederic 40). The teachings of Buddha played a major role in the religion of Buddhism. Buddhas teaching was a deeper , more ethical protest against Vedic formalism (Snellgrove 50). Rejecting authority of both Vedas and Brahmin priests, he proclaimed a new way of deliverance discovered by himself. This was shown in his first sermon, Turning the Wheel of Doctrine (Snellgrove 51). Essentially this way is knowing and living by four noble truths (Snellgrove 51). 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During this hour and a half meeting, individuals who are exploring Buddhism wil l learn the surface practice of Buddhism more specifically shin Buddhism. Shin Buddhism or the teachings of ShinranRead MoreBuddhism, Buddhism And The World Essay1999 Words   |  8 PagesBuddhism is the fourth largest religion in the world, with more than 5 million believers in the world. Buddhism is a kind of religion and law that contains various traditions, beliefs, and spiritual practices. Buddhism from India, between the sixth and fourth centuries BC, and gradually spread to Asia. Although Buddhism originated in India, China has many believers in the dissemination and contribution. Chinese Buddhism began in the Han Dynasty and became the most powerful in the Tang Dynasty. WithRead MoreBuddhism : The Popularity Of Buddhism1306 Words   |  6 PagesBuddhism Culture in China Instructor Dr. Jack Name: Zhoudongxue Zhang Student #: 100311725 Date: 26/11/2015 The Popularity of Buddhism in China Buddhism is one of the most popular religions in the world. The Pew Research Center reports that nearly 488 million people practice Buddhism, which represents 7% to 8% of the world’s entire population. Buddhism is mainly practiced in the Asia-Pacific region with approximately 481,290,000 Buddhists, which means 99% of Buddhists live in Asia-Pacific

Essay about Technical Security Policy Proposal for Small...

TicTek Inc is a small company with about a hundred employees and one facility. The company sells home security electronics online. The devices are manufactured by a third party company and shipped to TicTek, whereupon they are warehoused until they are purchased through the company’s website. The warehouse staff prepares and ships customer orders in the same facility which houses the office staff and management. TicTek has a few major stockholders, but the majority of the company’s stock is owned by its executives and employees. Due to the online nature of the company’s business dealings, TicTek has placed a high priority on the security of network resources, including vendor data, customer data, high availability, and incident response.†¦show more content†¦Firewalls will be placed between the web servers and the outer edge of the network, facing the Internet. Such a configuration, called a demilitarized zone (DMZ), will provide an additional layer of d efense from a network breach. If the web servers are compromised, there will be an additional barrier between them and the intranet. The firewalls will be configured to deny everything, and then the ports that are needed for the functioning of the network will be allowed. For the sake of expense and administrative simplicity, the firewall will be a stateful packet filter firewall, as opposed to an application proxy firewall, which would offer higher security and configurability at the expense of administrative complexity due to the need for a proxy for each application in use by the company. The packet filtering firewall filters traffic based on predefined rules. A network based IDS will be used on all network subnets and the system will be anomaly based. An anomaly based IDS is preferable for its ability to detect zero day attacks. With a signature based IDS, the system uses a set of definitions to detect threats and the definitions must be updated on a regular and ongoing schedule . 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These services can be of different forms like IT services for a software company, voice services for a customer support industry, legal services for companies and small part suppliers for manufacturing companies etc. The main reason for a company to outsource its services is cost savings as most of the outsourcing services are provided from abroadRead MoreSources Of Finance For Smes1419 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction As the world economy has developed rapidly these years, small to medium sized companies are playing important roles in the acceleration of the global economy development especially in those developing countries. An optimistic finance environment is especially needed to the small and medium-sized company at each stage of their life cycle, from creation through operation, development, restructuring, recovery and beyond. 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School And Work Essay Example For Students

School And Work Essay Juggling work and school, finding time for having fun, and liking what someone does, these are some of the problems that plague young adults today. If a person that fits those requirements is looking for a little extra income, this writer knows just what the doctor ordered. Working as a waiter is a very fulfilling job, especially for a young adult student. With flexible hours and uniforms, decent pay, and working in a fun atmospherewith many different types of people, being a waiter is an excellent job for a student. Being a waiter at a trendy restaurant is like being a host at a party, making money all the while.If a young adult have a difficult time trying to find time to do their homework and other things like partying, being a waiter is very convenient. Most restaurants offer flexible hours in which one only has to work five to six hour shifts. Waiters can also request what type of schedule they would like to work. Most restaurants waiter staff is usually comprised of college and high school students, thus, they are more than likely willing to schedule you conveniently around classes. Plus, most nights, waiters will be out in time to do homework and other important things.Another thing, which might seem menial, is the casual guidelines for uniforms in most places. A lot of restaurants allow waiters to wear regular blue jeans and the restaurants tee shirt to work. This might not seem like a big deal, but when one gets out of class and have to be at work in fifteen minutes, changing shirts is a lot easier than having to go home and put on a real uniform. Also, when a waiter has all this cash in their pocket after work and home is twenty minutes away, it is very convenient to not have to go all the way home to change completely before going out for the evening.Working at a restaurant is also a very laid-back occupation. Not very many jobs enables an employee to interact with so many different people. In a restaurant environment, every persons job is interrelat ed with someone elses, and in that way, everybody relies on one another. By doing this, the staff tends to bond together. Eventually, a new employee will be buddies with the people they work with. At the end of a hard shift, all the waiters on staff usually take all the money they make and party with one another. It is very rewarding that way. Likewise, dealing with customers can also be a pleasing thing. When a waiter has to serve a hundred different people a night, they are exposed to many different, unique types of people. This exposure is practically training a student-worker ways on how to deal with a variety of personalities in the real world. When a person with this type of experience has to interview for a position in a big company after college, this kind of experience helps a lot. People skills are essential to be on top of todays workforce.What is the bottom-line when it comes to work anyway? The reason why people work is money, because if it werent for the cash, most peo ple in this world would all be sitting on their butts watching television and eating potato chips. Being a waiter means getting tips and always having oodles of cash after every night of work. After a shift, a waiter always has money in their pocket. A waiter does not have to wait two weeks for a paycheck to come along before they can buy things or go out places. Isnt that a huge advantage? Another huge advantage comes out of tips. Uncle Sam cannot tax someone on what he does not know that they have. There is a rule in declaring tips, what you do not declare, you do not have. Meaning that the government cannot tax a waiter on undeclared tips. So therefore, one can walk out of work every night with one hundred dollars in their pocket and still have a fat paycheck come every two weeks. Great, isnt it?As this writer certainly believes, becoming a waiter has many distinct advantages for a young adult. Working in a good environment with fun people in an upbeat atmosphere is definitely a plus for any job. Likewise, with working in an easy job for good pay, all the while choosing a schedule that fits ones needs. Being a waiter has all the advantages in the world. Where else could a young adult earn twice the wage of other jobs, work on half as many hours, and have plenty of time to party and do homework? Working as a waiter is a very fulfilling job, especially for a young adult. .uf79ed201d812055089810d2b90530c9e , .uf79ed201d812055089810d2b90530c9e .postImageUrl , .uf79ed201d812055089810d2b90530c9e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf79ed201d812055089810d2b90530c9e , .uf79ed201d812055089810d2b90530c9e:hover , .uf79ed201d812055089810d2b90530c9e:visited , .uf79ed201d812055089810d2b90530c9e:active { border:0!important; } .uf79ed201d812055089810d2b90530c9e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf79ed201d812055089810d2b90530c9e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf79ed201d812055089810d2b90530c9e:active , .uf79ed201d812055089810d2b90530c9e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf79ed201d812055089810d2b90530c9e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf79ed201d812055089810d2b90530c9e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf79ed201d812055089810d2b90530c9e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf79ed201d812055089810d2b90530c9e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf79ed201d812055089810d2b90530c9e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf79ed201d812055089810d2b90530c9e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf79ed201d812055089810d2b90530c9e .uf79ed201d812055089810d2b90530c9e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf79ed201d812055089810d2b90530c9e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Evolving Federalism Essay

200 Powerful Marketing Interview Questions to Hire the Best Team

200 Powerful Marketing Interview Questions to Hire the Best Team Building a strong marketing team isn’t easy. There are tons of companies competing for top talent, and it’s tough to find (and retain) the best fits for your organization. In fact, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the industry is projected to experience 10% hiring growth by 2026  (which is faster than average). Plus, the cost of mis-hiring can be high; according to MP Squared, â€Å"a mis-hire costs more than 5 times the candidate’s salary.† Those kinds of stakes are not a joke. From recruiting to interviewing to onboarding, getting the right people onto the right spots in your marketing department  is a long process. A key part of sorting out marketing candidates starts with asking the right interview questions. In this post, you’ll find a total of 165 things to ask interviewees across all different types of roles, to help you figure out what makes a candidate tick and determine whether they’re right for your business. This is useful stuff for the following folks: Marketing Managers: Especially if you’re new to hiring and team-building. HR Professionals: If you’re not marketing savvy, use this guide to move past generic interview questions. Job Hunters: Consider this guide a cheat sheet to what you might encounter. It’s time to get started. Table of Contents: Keeping Organized With Bonus Questions + Interview Scorecard Interviewing Tips General Marketing Interview Questions Marketing Manager / Director Questions Marketing Intern Questions Entry Level Interview Questions Copywriter Interview Questions Product Marketing Interview Questions PR Interview Questions Graphic Designer Interview Questions Social Media Marketing Interview Questions Content Strategist Interview Questions Marketing Analyst Interview Questions SEO Interview Questions Assessing an Interviees Responses

The Child Labor During Industrial Revolution Essays

The Child Labor During Industrial Revolution Essays The Child Labor During Industrial Revolution Paper The Child Labor During Industrial Revolution Paper Child Labor is a term used to represent the employment of minors in work that may interfere with their education, or endanger their health. Throughout the ages and in all cultures children joined with their parents to work in the fields, in the marketplace, and around the home as soon as they were old enough to perform simple tasks. The use of child labor was not regarded a social problem until the introduction of the factory system during the industrial revolution. Villages had grown into towns and cities. Factory profits had boosted the economy, and more food was available. The population was growing as a result of better health care and nutrition. The Revolution first took advantage of Britains largest industry, textiles. In the 1600s, cotton cloth imported from India became popular. British merchants organized a cotton industry for themselves. They developed a pulling out system in which raw cotton was brought to peasant families who then spun it into cloth. Skilled artisans then finished and dyed the cloth. Under the pulling out system, production was very slow. As the demand for cloth grew, inventors came up with ways to make the cotton industry more efficient. In 1764, James Hargraves invented a spinning jenny that spun many threads at  a time. A few years later, Richard Arkwright invented the water frame which  used waterpower than spun cloth even faster, the new machines put an end to  the pulling out system. They were costly, and too large to fit inside peasants  home. Instead, factures built long sheds near fast moving streams to power the  machines. Later, machines were powered by steam engines. Spinners and  weavers came to work everyday in the factories. The revolution brought rapid  urbanization. The great demand for factory workers grew as more factories  were built. Small villages turned into cities practically overnight. Some  villages that only had a population of 17,000 people had increased to 40,000  in just a few years. Workers lived in crowded tenements that had no  running water or sanitation system. Factory work was stressful and  dangerous. Shifts lasted from 12 to 16 hours. Adults made up 18 shillings a  week, and children made a meager 3 to 4 shillings. Tired workers often had  accidents while working with machines due to sleep deprivation. A person  might loose an arm or leg while trying to fix a machine. Textile workers  constantly breathed in air filled with lint and dust particles. If a worker  happened to be ill, or injured they would lose their job. The environment a child  worked in during this time period was very dangerous. Textile mills were  crowded and poorly ventilated causing such diseases as fossy jaw, black lung,  and other fatal lung diseases. In the factories candles were used for lighting.  These easy to knock over light sources were a huge fire hazard. Poorly heated,  dim factories full of unskilled workers put many innocent children in danger. The  lack of knowledge about machinery caused workers to be crushed, mangled, or  beaten to death in belts. Often polluted and unsanitary buildings caused much  death and illness .

Holiday Inn Hotel, UK Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Holiday Inn Hotel, UK - Case Study Example Political. The political environment in the United Kingdom has always been favorable for the hospitality industry. However, in 2006 the proposal for a bed tax in order to generate revenue for the government is seen to be detrimental to the tourism as well as the hospitality sector. The clamor from various groups had succeeded in barring the implementation of this proposal (Opodo 2007). Today, UK is seen to be attracting more tourists through programs like VisitBritain (Opodo 2008). Economic. The economic growth in UK has been subject to the envy of the different nations. However, as the world is becoming more and more integrated it is expected that UK will also be adversely affected by the forecasted recession in economies like US. The Deloitte Economic Review projects that the â€Å"UK economy is set to experience its weakest period of growth in 15 years and there is also a risk of recession in the next two years† (UK Economy 2008). The slowdown is attributed to the global fi nancial crisis and associated credit crunch which also brings low consumer confidence and spending (UK Economy 2008). Social. The latest social trend publication of the National Statistics Office indicates that the UK citizens are enjoying an ever improving standard of living because of higher disposable income. Aside from focusing on the quality of the products that they buy and consume, people are also becoming more concerned on how socially responsible the companies which manufacture them (Social Trends 2008). Spending on leisure and recreation is also on the rise attributed to the increasing need of relaxation from the complexities of life. Thus, families are spending huge portions of their money for short vacations which are stress-free and on-stop to maximize the use of their time (Social Trends 2008). Technological. The internet is the single most influential technological development driving important changes in UK’s technological landscape. The internet had gained acceptance and popularity not only in business circles but also on households. With most families are getting access to this technological revolution, business organizations introduce online advertising and shopping (Social Trends 20

Initial public offerings corporate finance 501 case assign 1 Essay

Initial public offerings corporate finance 501 case assign 1 - Essay Example This is the recommended option for the company as the online auction enables more bidders to participate and will also allow the investors to gain the joy and satisfaction of wining. The online auction has been defined as, ‘Online auctioning is the process whereby users log onto a website and bid for items or services posted on this website by other users. The way online auctioning works is similar to normal auctioning outside the cyber world, but has allowed the auction to reach a much greater audience’ (Newton). The option is very flexible and it allows a vast number of people to participate in the auction. There will be lower levels of time and there will also be higher levels of flexibility for the investors to invest from any part of the world. Skype will most likely attract customers which include large mutual funds, technical investors, professional investors, foreign investors, large organizations and institutions and the pension managers. The Large mutual funds and the pension managers are mostly likely to be highly attracted to this online auction due to the simple fact that there will be no quota on the amount of shares that they can buy. In terms of the technical investors there will be a sense of interest in the Skype stock as the prices will be low and these will the way to target this group of people. Professional investors will seek to bid close to the lowest prices and make a major investment in the company. Large investors will seek to get large chunks of the shares and since there are not geographical boundaries, foreign investors will also like to make some purchases. In short the dominance of large institutional investors or the favorite investors of underwriters will be interested in the stock and will be aim at investing as much as possible as it will be very beneficial and fruitful in the long run (Salkind). Each of the above mentioned have a certain amount of direct interest in the

The Scarlet Letter - Thesis Essay Example for Free

The Scarlet Letter Thesis Essay One main theme present in the work The Scarlet Lette is that of sin and guilt. Nathaniel Hawthorne attempts to show how guilt can be a form of everlasting punishment. The book represents sin and guilt through symbolism and character development. In his novel, The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne explains how the punishment of guilt causes the most suffering among those affected. As with any piece, symbolism plays an important role in representing the main ideas of a novel. The plot in The Scarlet Letter revolves around three significant events that describe the development of the story. As both starting point and ending point of the novel, the scaffold scenes hold symbolic meaning. The first scaffold scene introduces the reader to the story, plot, and characters. The reader meets Hester Prynn and soon discovers the means of her sin. Hesters thoughts as she stands before the public are described at the end of the second chapter. Could it be true? She clutched the child so fiercely to her breast, that it sent forth a cry; she turned her eyes downward at the scarlet letter, and even touched it with her finger, to assure herself that the infant and the shame were real. Yes! -these were her realities, -all else had vanished! (Hawthorne, 55). At this point, Hester is still quite ashamed of her sin of adultery, and may not want to acknowledge the reality of it. As Hester is accused of her crime, the first scaffold scene represents committing and being accused of a sin. By the time the second scaffold scene approaches, seven years later, the reader should know that Hesters partner in crime is the minister Arthur Dimmesdale. Thus far in the novel, Dimmesdale has kept his sin a secret from society. During the second scaffold scene, Reverend Dimmesdale ventured out in the night to the scaffold in seek of forgiveness from God. He hoped to reveal himself to the public, however No eye could see him, save that ever-wakeful one which had seen him in his closet, wielding the bloody scourge. Why, then, had he come hither? (129) Resulting with the burden of guilt still upon his soul, his sin is not revealed which is why the second scaffold scene represents concealment of sin. Just as the book opened at the scaffold, it closes there as well. The third and final scaffold scene involves the primary characters from both the first and second scaffold scenes. All three of these characters, Hester, her child Pearl, and Dimmesdale stand together at the scaffold. This is the point in the novel where the minister finally wishes to reveal his sin. Concealing his sin for so long had caused him to deteriorate both mentally and physically, so just as Dimmesdale confessed, his life was taken from him. The third scaffold scene represents revealing and repenting sin. Some say that Nathaniel Hawthorne named the characters of his novel with symbolic meaning behind them. Each of the four main characters names can be tied in one way or another to sin and guilt. First, there is the character Hester Prynn. Her last name, Prynn, rhymes with the word sin, which is used to represent her role in the novel. Next, there is Dimmesdale. Simply the mere sound of the name in itself gives the impression of someone dim, dark, or weak; perhaps this way from suffering guilt. Then there is Chillingworth. Again, the sound of the name gives the reader a sense that the character has a cold heart; which is sinful alone. And lastly, little Pearl. Rather than representing the evils of sin, her name means salvation, and can be represented as the salvation of sin. The characters alone play a symbolic role in expressing the main theme. (Online-Literature.com, Symbolism) Nathaniel Hawthorne attempts to show how guilt can be a form of everlasting punishment by showing how each character endures much suffering from it. Hester Prynne, the main character in the novel, suffers a variety of types of punishment for the crime of adultery she committed. She faces such punishment as public humiliation from wearing the symbol A as to represent her crime, dealing with the physical outcome of her crime, and most painful, having to live with what she had done. As the book opens, Hester is brought forth from the jail and walked to the scaffold. For the first time being seen in public named an adulterer, Hester shies from the public as they mock her. However, She never battled with the public, but submitted  uncomplainingly to its worst usage; she made no claim upon it, in requital for what she suffered; she did not weight upon its sympathies. (Hawthorne 140). Soon, it did not matter what other people thought of Hester because of her sin. She chose not to live with the humiliation, but she did have to live with herself. Having to deal with her daughter Pearl day in and day out is a punishment in itself as well. Most people, including Hester, view Peal as a demon child. However, Hester hesitates to punish Pearl for being so. She feels guilty as it is, placing a burden on Pearls life, for Peal is branded as the child of an adulterer, all of this resulting from Hesters passionate sin. (Guilt as Reparation for Sin, paragraph 14). The minister Dimmesdale is greatly affected by the weight of guilt he carries with him everyday of his proceeding life. Since his sin is unknown to society, there is not a public crowd to look down upon him, but one Roger Chillingworth who lives just to torture Dimmesdale. He wishes and prays most often that the public know of his wrong, rather than hold it secret, as it would be less painful. Happy are you, Hester, that wear that scarlet letter openly upon your bosom! Mine burns in secret!! (Hawthorne 182). Fear, is in fact, the only reason Dimmesdale fails to confess himself. He feels guilty for not being able to be a father figure to Pearl, for letting Hester suffer on her own, and, of course, just for his own sinful actions. In the end, it is the guilt that kills him, not any public humiliation. One may look at Roger Chillingworth, Hesters husband, and see no guilt within him. Truthfully, Chillingworth is a cold-hearted soul. He does, however, have some guilt. Chillingworth, indeed, feels a bit guilty for marrying Hester in the first place. He and Hester both knew they did not love each other, but decided to marry anyway. Chillingworth might have known something like what Hester did would have happened eventually. After all, Chillingworth was much too old and unattractive for a young woman like Hester to feel anything worth making the relationship work. Even though it was out of his hands, Chillingworth also feels a bit bad about leaving Hester as he did for so long. He may feel that he could have been a catalyst  in what happened, however, Chillingworth was not about to let others who contributed to it run away freely. This explains his excuse for becoming a fiend. He may feel guilty for becoming so evil, however, he blames it on Hester and Dimmesdales actions, and does not feel he should change his ways. I have already told thee what I am! A fiend! Who made me so?' (Hawthorne 151) He felt less guilt than the other characters, however, he was the one who caused the most misery. Although Pearl, Hesters daughter, does not directly suffer such guilt because she is the only innocent character in the novel, she does suffer from her mothers guilt and sinful actions. Because Pearl is dubbed an evil being as an illegitimate child, she suffers much public ridicule and humiliation. She also receives the blame for Hesters past seven years of suffering guilt. During the scene in A Flood of Sunshine, when Hester throws the A into the river, she also symbolically throws away Pearl, thus rejecting and blaming her own child. Each of the four main characters, in their own forms, has and must suffer from a form of guilt. Since Hester and Dimmesdale are the only characters that committed the sin the book revolves around, they are the ones who suffer most of the guilt. Guilt is a painful reminder of sin. The other punishments both characters had to face were painful, but in the end, all they did was make them feel further guilt and suffer further pain. The only thing other punishments bring out is the inner guilt of a person, if they are worthy enough to realize their wrong. Only the man who has enough good in him to feel the justice of the penalty can be punished; the other can only be hurt.' (Punishment Quote, paragraph 1). There are two characters in the novel who are worthy enough to be punished: Hester and Dimmesdale. On the other side of the spectrum, there is Chillingworth. He does not see the wrong in his sin of torturing Dimmesdale. Hester Prynne immediately feels guilty for what she had done. If anything, shed wish to take it back, as if it had never happened. Such the same with Arthur Dimmesdale. He was not only suffering from guilt of his sin, but also  was becoming a very hypocritical reverend, the last thing he may have wanted. It is quite evident that the guilt eventually drove him mad to the point of self-mutilation, because as the reader knows, in the end of the novel, Dimmesdale dies from his guilt. If you are not worthy, you cannot feel sorry for what you have done, as the case with Roger Chillingwroth. He felt it was he duty to torture the reverend Dimmesdale. He was, nonetheless, hurt by it. He had dedicated the remainder of his life to making Dimmesdale suffer, so when Dimmesdale died, so did Chillingworth shortly following. Sin is represented in many ways throughout the novel. Because of the sins the characters have committed, they had to be punished for their actions. Letting them suffer with their own guilt is the best way of going about the matter. With this, the character is forced to live with what they did. Because both Hester and Dimmesdale saw their wrongs, guilt, for them, was effective. It just goes to show the pain the characters suffer. In his novel, The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne explains how the punishment of guilt causes the most suffering among those affected. BIBLIOGRAPHY: Guilt as Reparation for Sin in The Scarlet Letter. [http://www.123student.com/english/1443.shtml]. Feb. 2004. Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The Scarlet Letter. New York: Penguin Books, 1962. Punishment Quote. [http://www.123student.com/english/1910.shtml]. Feb. 2004. Stephanie. Symbolism in The Scarlet Letter. [http://www.online-literature.com/hawthorne/scarletletter]. Feb. 2004.

Super Elevations :: physics science

Have you ever been driving down the road and approach a turn too fast? What happens? You and the car undergo centrifugal force and you as well as the car are pushed away from the turn, or up the grade also know as a superelevation. An engineer must balance this force raising the grade on one side of the road. It should be noted that under theoretical observations steering would be effortless but in order to provide these ideal conditions the friction factor would be zero and the vehicle weight would balance the centrifugal force ¹. In the real world we have friction and cannot afford to build the extremely steep slope of ËÅ"30 º every time we need an off ramp or horizontal curve. In order for the operator to comfortably maneuver a curve there are several variables that must be accounted for, the radius of the curve, friction and velocity. Radius length may depend on sight distance and right of way, or property lines as well as sight distance. Friction depends on the surface properties of various materials and climate. The slope and velocity are usually dependent on the variables just described. While building and designing these roads, it is industry standard to put 1/3 of the change in grade within the horizontal curve and 2/3 of the transition length on the tangent. In Layman’s terms, by the time the car approaches the first part of the curve, 2/3 of the grade has already been built. This assures smooth transition for the driver to maneuver the curve ³. In order to get a better idea of what kind of friction coefficients are used in Alaska, we can look at the Badger Road Interchange construction project on the Richardson Highway ². The nortbound on ramp (from Badger Road) will have a speed limit of 35 mph a radius of 135 meters and a superelevation of 5.5%. From this data one may find the friction coefficient, ( µ) to be equal to 0.10. Another example taken from the same project, observed from the off ramp in the south bound lane will have a radius of 253 meters, a super of 6% and a speed limit of 45 mph  µ was observed to be 0.09, which is just enough traction to make these corners at the posted limit. A friction coefficient that small leads the author to assume the engineers designed these turns to be taken under extremely slick conditions.

Lessons from Enron: Bad Management, Negative Consequences

One of the classic examples of bad management, Enron's collapse according to the Economist (2002) was a result of bad management and poor decision-making of the auditing firm Andersen in handling the account of the company. The primary root of Enron’s collapse was bad management and the power of the management to delegate auditing and accounting responsibilities to a firm that they have chosen. The dependence of the auditing firm on the management in essence creates the break in the accounting and auditing ethics: in order not to lose an all-too important account such as Enron, they would need to abide by the decisions of the management.The lack of willpower of Andersen to question the unethical practices of Enron made it culpable in the same way as Enron’s managers. This led a domino and cascading effect in the corporate world of America: the government scrambling to look for other companies who are also hiding in their auditor’s books, the deterioration of the auditing and accounting profession, lack of trust in companies, and investor apprehension. The collapse of Enron was largely a decision by the top management which also involves its accountants to provide a bogus statement of finances to make Enron look like a profitable company.Auditors of Enron on the other hand, have sought to protect the company by shredding incriminating documents. From an agency theory perspective, the role of the Enron’s top management to that of the shareholders is one that is governed by the principle that managers will act in a way that will benefit the owners or shareholders of the company (Abrahamson and Park, 1994). In essence, what happened to Enron was that the managers or the agents gained too much power and the shareholders did not perform its function of overseeing the operations of their company.Fundamentally, what the shareholders and the managers who did not take part in the Enron scandal could have done was to have the government to appo int an auditing or accounting firm that will monitor the financial movement of the company. In this way, accountants and auditors will not be obliged to follow what the top managers would want them to do. Managers need to be wary of decisions made by the top management or their colleagues. To a significant extent, appointments should be made independent of the managers.In an era where auditing and accounting fraud are prevalent, managers can protect themselves by safeguarding their companies among their peers. References Abrahamson, E. and Park, C. (1994) Concealment of negative organizational outcomes: An agency theory perspective. Academy of Management Journal, 37: 1302-1334. Barefoot, JA. (2002). What can you learn from Enron? How to know if you are creating a climate of rule-breaking. ABA Banking Journal, 94. The Economist. (2002) The Lessons from Enron. 362, 8259: 9-10. Retrieved 1 July at http://www.csupomona. edu/~smemerson/PLS499%20Greed_Need/Enron. doc. Appendix 1. Enron Ar ticle Title: THE LESSONS FROM ENRON , Economist, 0013-0613, February 9, 2002, Vol. 362, Issue 8259 Database: Academic Search Elite Section: Leaders THE LESSONS FROM ENRON After the energy firm's collapse, the entire auditing regime needs radical change THE mess just keeps spreading. Two months after Enron filed for Chapter 11, the reverberations from the Texas-based energy-trading firm's bankruptcy might have been expected to fade; instead, they are growing.On Capitol Hill, politicians are engaged in an investigative orgy not seen since Whitewater, with the blame pinned variously on the company's managers, its directors, its auditors and its bankers, as well as on the Bush administration; indeed on anybody except the hundreds of congressmen who queued up to take campaign cash from Enron. The only missing ingredient in the scandal–so far–is sex. The effects are also touching Wall Street. In the past few weeks, investors have shifted their attention to other companies, m aking a frenzied search for any dodgy accounting that might reveal the next Enron.Canny traders have found a lucrative new strategy: sell a firm's stock short and then spread rumours about its accounts. Such companies as Tyco, PNC Financial Services, Invensys and even the biggest of the lot, General Electric, have all suffered. Last week Global Crossing, a telecoms firm, went bust amid claims of dubious accounts. This week shares in Elan, an Irish-based drug maker, were pummelled by worries over its accounting policies. All this might create the impression that corporate financial reports, the quality of company profits and the standard of auditing in America have suddenly and simultaneously deteriorated.Yet that would be wide of the mark: the deterioration has actually been apparent for many years. A growing body of evidence does indeed suggest that Enron was a peculiarly egregious case of bad management, misleading accounts, shoddy auditing and, quite probably, outright fraud. But the bigger lessons that Enron offers for accounting and corporate governance have long been familiar from previous scandals, in America and elsewhere. That makes it all the more urgent to respond now with the right reforms.Uncooking the books The place to start is auditing. Accurate company accounts are a keystone for any proper capital market, not least America's. Andersen, the firm that audited Enron's books from its inception in 1985 (it was also Global Crossing's auditor), has been suggesting that its failings are representative of the whole profession's. In fact, Andersen seems to have been unusually culpable over Enron: shredding of incriminating documents just ahead of the investigators is not yet a widespread habit.But it is also true that this is only the latest of a string of corporate scandals involving appalling audit failures, from Maxwell and Polly Peck in Britain, through Metallgesellschaft in Germany, to Cendant, Sunbeam and Waste Management in America. In the past four years alone, over 700 American companies have been forced to restate their accounts. At the heart of these audit failures lies a set of business relationships that are bedevilled by perverse incentives and conflicts of interest. In theory, a company's auditors are appointed independently by its shareholders, to whom they report.In practice, they are chosen by the company's bosses, to whom they all too often become beholden. Accounting firms frequently sell consulting services to their audit clients; external auditors may be hired to senior management positions or as internal auditors; it is far too easy to play on an individual audit partner's fear of losing a lucrative audit assignment. Against such a background, it is little wonder that the quality of the audit often suffers. What should be done? The most radical change would be to take responsibility for audits away from private accounting firms altogether and give it, lock, stock and barrel, to the government.Perhaps such a change may yet become necessary. But it would run risks in terms of the quality of auditors; and it is not always so obvious that a government agency would manage to escape the conflicts and mistakes to which private firms have so often fallen prey. As an intermediate step, however, a simpler suggestion is to take the job of choosing the auditors away from a company's bosses. Instead, a government agency–meaning, in America, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)–would appoint the auditors, even if on the basis of a list recommended by the company, which would continue to pay the audit fee.Harvey Pitt, the new chairman of the Securities and Exchange Commission, is not yet willing to be anything like so radical. He has been widely attacked because, when he acted in the past as a lawyer for a number of accounting firms, he helped to fend off several reforms. Yet he now seems ready to make at least some of the other changes that the Enron scandal has shown to be ne cessary (see pages 67-70. ) Among these are much fiercer statutory regulation of the auditing profession, including disciplinary powers with real bite.Hitherto, auditors have managed to get away with the fiction of self-regulation, both through peer review and by toothless professional and oversight bodies that they themselves have dominated. There should also be a ban on accounting firms offering (often more profitable) consulting and other services to their audit clients. Another good idea is mandatory rotation, every four years or so, both of audit partners–so that individuals do not become too committed to their clients–and of audit firms. The most effective peer review happens when one firm comes in to look at a predecessor's books.The SEC should also ban the practice of companies' hiring managers and internal auditors from their external audit firms. In search of better standards Then there is the issue of accounting standards themselves. Enron's behaviour has co nfirmed that in some areas, notably the treatment of off-balance-sheet dodges, American accounting standards are too lax; while in others they are so prescriptive that they have lost sight of broader principles. Past attempts by the Financial Accounting Standards Board to improve standards have often been stymied by vociferous lobbying.It is time for the SEC itself to impose more rigorous standards, although that should often be through sound principles (including paying less attention to single numbers for earnings) rather than overly detailed rules. It would also be good to come up with internationally agreed standards. Although audit is the most pressing area for change, it is not the only one. The Enron fiasco has shown that all is not well with the governance of many big American companies. Over the years all sorts of checks and balances have been created to ensure that company bosses, who supposedly act as agents for shareholders, their principals, actually do so.Yet the cult of the all-powerful chief executive, armed with sackfuls of stock options, has too often pushed such checks aside. It is time for another effort to realign the system to function more in shareholders' interests. Companies need stronger non-executive directors, paid enough to devote proper attention to the job; genuinely independent audit and remuneration committees; more powerful internal auditors; and a separation of the jobs of chairman and chief executive.If corporate America cannot deliver better governance, as well as better audit, it will have only itself to blame when the public backlash proves both fierce and unpleasant. PHOTO (COLOR) ________________________________________ Copyright of The Economist is the property of Economist Newspaper Limited and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. Source: Eco nomist, 2/9/2002, Vol. 362 Issue 8259, p9, 2p, 1c. Item Number: 6056697

Minimum Wage Deserves To Be Raised - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 413 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/05/18 Category Law Essay Level High school Tags: Minimum Wage Essay Did you like this example? As life in America gets more important I believe that minimum wage deserves to be raised so that people are able to live more comfortably than otherwise. I chose this topic because I believe that minimum wage is important. The minimum wage was created to stabilize the economy post depression and to protect worker in labor force. It was designed to create a living standard at a minimum, leading to protecting the well-being of employees. Now that everything in America is becoming more expensive, minimum wage is becoming a bigger issue in our society. Minimum relates to my life because a majority of the jobs I am able to get at my age, and with my education is pretty slim and they are all minimum wage paying jobs. It does not allow me to have access to many things, like an apartment or being able to own my own car. Everything is extremely expensive, but have a minimum wage that is so low, makes things unattainable for me. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Minimum Wage Deserves To Be Raised" essay for you Create order A reason to increase minimum wage would be it could decrease the amount of money the government spends on welfare. According to ProCon The Center for American Progress reported in 2014 that raising the federal minimum wage by 6% to $10.10 would reduce spending on the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP, formerly known as food stamps) by 6% or $4.6 billion. [9] The Economic Policy Institute determined that by increasing the minimum wage to $10.10, more than 1.7 million Americans would no longer be dependent on government assistance programs (Pro 3). This is saying that if minimum wage was increased, the low-income would be increased, which then leads to the government not needing to spend so much money on income-support programs, which then leads to that money being spent on something else or something better. This graph is illustrating how the minimum wage has barely increased over the last several years, but the GDP has drastically increased. That makes it very hard for people living off minimum wage to be able to survive in America today, which leads them to becoming poor. A problem with increasing minimum wage would be that it could increase poverty. According to ProCon The higher wages are, the higher costs of production are. The higher costs of production are, the higher prices are. The higher prices are, the smaller the quantities of goods and services demanded and the number of workers employed in producing them (Con 2). By increasing minimum wage, it increases everything associated with employment, money, demand, etc.